This document was commissioned by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation to serve two purposes. The first purpose is to identify the impacts that natural resource conservation, outdoor recreation, and historic preservation have on the U.S. economy, what data currently exists, and key data gaps that must be filled. Outdoor recreation and historic preservation are included to determine areas of potential economic overlap with the Foundation’s natural resource conservation mission. The second purpose is to aid in developing an assessment tool that can be used by the Foundation to determine the economic and job activity created by the Foundation’s conservation grant investments.